India's energy transition is unfolding amidst rapidly rising energy demand, significant dependence on imported fossil fuels, and growing geopolitical uncertainties, making energy security a strategic national priority. With nearly 85% of crude oil and around 50% of natural gas requirements met through imports, Compressed Biogas (CBG) has emerged as a promising indigenous renewable fuel capable of simultaneously strengthening energy security, promoting waste-to-wealth, enhancing farmer incomes, and supporting India's climate commitments. Backed by an annual biomass availability of nearly 750 million metric tonnes and the Government's ambitious target of establishing 5,000 CBG plants with 15 MMT annual production by 2030, this report presents a comprehensive value-chain assessment of the sector, encompassing policy and regulatory frameworks, feedstock availability, technology pathways, infrastructure readiness, state-level initiatives, stakeholder perspectives, and scenario-based supply and demand projections. While initiatives such as SATAT, GOBARdhan, the National Bioenergy Programme, the CBG-CGD Synchronisation Scheme, and the CBG Blending Obligation (CBO) have laid a strong foundation for sectoral growth, the analysis reveals that both the Business-as-Usual and Moderate Growth scenarios fall significantly short of the national production target, underscoring the need for accelerated deployment and market expansion. The report concludes that although the CBO provides an important assured demand anchor, achieving long-term sectoral sustainability will require diversified demand across industrial, transport, institutional, and CGD sectors, supported by reforms in feedstock aggregation, financing, taxation, infrastructure, Renewable Gas Certificates, by-product monetisation, and coordinated institutional mechanisms through a National Bioenergy Mission, thereby positioning CBG as a strategic pillar of India's energy security, circular economy, and sustainable development agenda.